Otto cycle engine

The Otto cycle engine was first patented by Eugenio Barsanti and Felice Matteucci in 1854 followed by a first prototype in 1860. It was also conceptualized by French engineer, Alphonse Beau de Rochas in 1862 and independently, by the German engineer Nicolaus Otto in 1876. Its power cycle consists of adiabatic compression, heat addition at constant volume, adiabatic expansion and rejection of heat at constant volume and characterized by four strokes, or reciprocating movements of a piston in a cylinder:

4stroke otto cycle

The cycle begins at top dead center (TDC), when the piston is furthest away from the crankshaft. On the first stroke (intake/induction) of the piston, as the piston descends it reduces the pressure in the cylinder, a mixture of fuel and air is forced, by at least atmospheric pressure, into the cylinder through the intake (inlet) port. The intake (inlet) valve (or valves) then close(s) and the following stroke (compression) compresses the fuel-air mixture. The air-fuel mixture is then ignited, usually by a spark plug for a gasoline or Otto cycle engine or by the heat and pressure of compression for a Diesel cycle or compression ignition engine, at approximately the top of the compression stroke. The resulting expansion of burning gases pushes the piston downward for the third stroke (power) and in the fourth stroke (exhaust) the piston pushes the products of combustion from the cylinder through an exhaust valve or valves.

otto cycle engine

4strock - 4stroke atkinson cycle - 4stock valve clearance - 4strock otto cycle - 4strock valve train

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